Ansiedade do paciente durante exames de ressonância magnética: uma revisão integrativa
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A ressonância magnética (RM) é um exame amplamente utilizado no diagnóstico por imagem por fornecer alta resolução anatômica sem radiação ionizante. Apesar de sua relevância clínica, a RM pode desencadear ansiedade em pacientes, influenciando a experiência durante o procedimento e, em alguns casos, comprometendo a qualidade diagnóstica por movimentos involuntários e necessidade de repetição de sequências. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar, por meio de revisão integrativa da literatura, os fatores associados à ansiedade durante exames de RM e as estratégias descritas para sua minimização. A revisão foi conduzida segundo as etapas propostas por Souza, Silva, Carvalho (2010), com busca nas bases PubMed/MEDLINE, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), utilizando descritores DeCS/MeSH e termos como “magnetic resonance”, “ressonância magnética”, “anxiety”, “ansiedade”, “claustrophobia”, “claustrofobia”, “humanization” e “humanização”, combinados com o operador booleano AND. Foram incluídos estudos com texto completo disponível, em português ou inglês, relacionados ao tema, priorizando publicações a partir de 2021, com inclusão de estudos anteriores considerados relevantes diante da escassez de evidências recentes. A seleção ocorreu por leitura de títulos e resumos e, posteriormente, leitura na íntegra dos estudos elegíveis. Os resultados foram organizados de forma descritiva e temática. Os achados indicam que a ansiedade em RM é multifatorial, relacionada ao ambiente físico e sensorial (ruído e espaço confinado), à claustrofobia, ao medo do desconhecido, à falta de informação e a fatores psicológicos individuais. Observou-se que a ansiedade pode repercutir em alterações fisiológicas, aumentar a ocorrência de artefatos por movimento, prolongar o tempo de exame e contribuir para interrupções e reagendamentos, gerando impacto também sobre o fluxo do serviço. Quanto às estratégias de manejo, destacaram-se intervenções informativas e educativas (livretos e vídeos), intervenções audiovisuais e modificações do ambiente, além de medidas comunicacionais centradas no paciente e ações ergonômicas. Intervenções farmacológicas, como sedação, foram descritas como último recurso em situações de ansiedade grave, sobretudo em pediatria, exigindo protocolos e equipe treinada. Conclui-se que intervenções simples e de baixo custo, especialmente comunicação clara, preparo informativo e recursos audiovisuais, apresentam potencial para reduzir a ansiedade e melhorar a qualidade do exame, reforçando o papel do profissional das ciências radiológicas no acolhimento e na humanização do atendimento.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used in diagnostic imaging due to its high anatomical resolution and the absence of ionizing radiation. Despite its clinical value, MRI may trigger anxiety in patients, negatively affecting their experience and, in some cases, impairing diagnostic image quality through involuntary motion and repeated sequences. This study aimed to identify, through an integrative literature review, the main factors associated with patient anxiety during MRI examinations and the strategies described to reduce it. The review followed the steps proposed by Souza, Silva, and Carvalho (2010). Searches were conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and LILACS using DeCS/MeSH descriptors and terms such as “magnetic resonance”, “anxiety”, “claustrophobia”, and “humanization”, as well as their Portuguese equivalents, combined with the Boolean operator AND. Full-text studies published in Portuguese or English and directly related to the topic were included. Although priority was given to studies published from 2021 onward, earlier publications were also considered when deemed relevant due to the limited availability of recent evidence. Study selection was carried out through title and abstract screening, followed by full-text assessment of eligible papers. Findings were organized using a descriptive and thematic approach. The results indicate that MRI-related anxiety is multifactorial and is associated with the physical and sensory environment (noise and confined space), claustrophobia, fear of the unknown, lack of adequate information, and individual psychological factors. Anxiety may lead to physiological stress responses, increased motion artifacts, longer scan times, and examination interruption or rescheduling, with consequences for workflow efficiency. Regarding management strategies, the most frequently described interventions included educational and informational tools (booklets and explanatory videos), audiovisual systems and environmental modifications, patient-centered communication practices, and ergonomic measures. Pharmacological interventions such as sedation were described as a last resort in cases of severe anxiety, particularly in pediatric settings, requiring institutional protocols and trained staff. In conclusion, simple and low-cost measures, especially clear communication, structured patient preparation, and audiovisual resources, may help reduce anxiety and improve overall MRI examination quality, highlighting the role of radiology professionals in providing humanized and safe care.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used in diagnostic imaging due to its high anatomical resolution and the absence of ionizing radiation. Despite its clinical value, MRI may trigger anxiety in patients, negatively affecting their experience and, in some cases, impairing diagnostic image quality through involuntary motion and repeated sequences. This study aimed to identify, through an integrative literature review, the main factors associated with patient anxiety during MRI examinations and the strategies described to reduce it. The review followed the steps proposed by Souza, Silva, and Carvalho (2010). Searches were conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and LILACS using DeCS/MeSH descriptors and terms such as “magnetic resonance”, “anxiety”, “claustrophobia”, and “humanization”, as well as their Portuguese equivalents, combined with the Boolean operator AND. Full-text studies published in Portuguese or English and directly related to the topic were included. Although priority was given to studies published from 2021 onward, earlier publications were also considered when deemed relevant due to the limited availability of recent evidence. Study selection was carried out through title and abstract screening, followed by full-text assessment of eligible papers. Findings were organized using a descriptive and thematic approach. The results indicate that MRI-related anxiety is multifactorial and is associated with the physical and sensory environment (noise and confined space), claustrophobia, fear of the unknown, lack of adequate information, and individual psychological factors. Anxiety may lead to physiological stress responses, increased motion artifacts, longer scan times, and examination interruption or rescheduling, with consequences for workflow efficiency. Regarding management strategies, the most frequently described interventions included educational and informational tools (booklets and explanatory videos), audiovisual systems and environmental modifications, patient-centered communication practices, and ergonomic measures. Pharmacological interventions such as sedation were described as a last resort in cases of severe anxiety, particularly in pediatric settings, requiring institutional protocols and trained staff. In conclusion, simple and low-cost measures, especially clear communication, structured patient preparation, and audiovisual resources, may help reduce anxiety and improve overall MRI examination quality, highlighting the role of radiology professionals in providing humanized and safe care.
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ROSA, Fernanda da. Ansiedade do paciente durante exames de ressonância magnética: uma revisão integrativa. 2026. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Superior de Tecnologia em Radiologia) – Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 2026
