Efeitos adversos na pele causados pela teleterapia no tratamento do câncer de mama em um centro oncológico de Santa Catarina
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O câncer de mama é a neoplasia maligna que mais afeta mulheres no Brasil, dentre as condutas terapêuticas temos a radioterapia, mais especificamente, a teleterapia. A teleterapia, consiste na irradiação do tumor a distância. Apesar dos benefícios, pode ocasionar efeitos adversos dos tecidos adjacentes ao tumor. Dentre as reações agudas mais evidentes estão as radiodermatites, relacionadas à interação da radiação com as células da derme. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é descrever os efeitos adversos na pele causados pela teleterapia no tratamento do câncer de mama em um Centro Oncológico de Santa Catarina. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório e descritivo com abordagem quantitativa. A pesquisa foi realizada no setor de Radioterapia de um Centro de Pesquisas Oncológicas na cidade de Florianópolis. A população do estudo foi composta por 263 pacientes que fizeram radioterapia para câncer de mama no ano de 2022. A coleta de dados foi realizada de forma censitária. Foram coletados dados referente às características sociodemográficas, ao tratamento oncológico e a evolução das pacientes com foco nos efeitos adversos causados pelo tratamento de radioterapia. Os dados referentes às toxicidades da pele foram coletados conforme o registro semanal das consultas com a equipe médica e de enfermagem. A radiodermatite foi o efeito agudo mais recorrente que afetou as pacientes em tratamento do câncer de mama. Foram registrados maior frequência de radiodermites grau 0 (n=158) e grau 1 (n=37) durante a segunda e terceira semana de tratamento.
Breast cancer is the malignant neoplasm that most affects women in Brazil, among the therapeutic conducts we have radiotherapy, more specifically, teletherapy. Teletherapy consists of irradiation of the tumor at a distance. Despite the benefits, it can cause adverse effects of tissues adjacent to the tumor. Among the most evident acute reactions are radiodermatitis, related to the interaction of radiation with dermal cells. The objective of this research is to describe the adverse effects on the skin caused by teletherapy in the treatment of breast cancer in an Oncology Center in Santa Catarina. This is an exploratory and descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The research was carried out in the Radiotherapy sector of an Oncology Research Center in the city of Florianópolis. The study population consisted of 263 patients who underwent radiotherapy for breast cancer in 2022. Data collection was performed in a census manner. Data were collected regarding sociodemographic characteristics, oncologic treatment and the evolution of patients with a focus on adverse effects caused by radiotherapy treatment. Data regarding skin toxicities were collected according to the weekly record of consultations with the medical and nursing team. Radiodermatitis was the most recurrent acute effect affecting patients undergoing breast cancer treatment. A higher frequency of grade 0 (n=158) and grade 1 radiodermatitis was recorded during the secundários and third week of treatment.
Breast cancer is the malignant neoplasm that most affects women in Brazil, among the therapeutic conducts we have radiotherapy, more specifically, teletherapy. Teletherapy consists of irradiation of the tumor at a distance. Despite the benefits, it can cause adverse effects of tissues adjacent to the tumor. Among the most evident acute reactions are radiodermatitis, related to the interaction of radiation with dermal cells. The objective of this research is to describe the adverse effects on the skin caused by teletherapy in the treatment of breast cancer in an Oncology Center in Santa Catarina. This is an exploratory and descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The research was carried out in the Radiotherapy sector of an Oncology Research Center in the city of Florianópolis. The study population consisted of 263 patients who underwent radiotherapy for breast cancer in 2022. Data collection was performed in a census manner. Data were collected regarding sociodemographic characteristics, oncologic treatment and the evolution of patients with a focus on adverse effects caused by radiotherapy treatment. Data regarding skin toxicities were collected according to the weekly record of consultations with the medical and nursing team. Radiodermatitis was the most recurrent acute effect affecting patients undergoing breast cancer treatment. A higher frequency of grade 0 (n=158) and grade 1 radiodermatitis was recorded during the secundários and third week of treatment.
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INÁCIO, Francielly Pacheco; PIRES, Karol Deon. Efeitos adversos na pele causados pela teleterapia no tratamento do câncer de mama em um centro oncológico de Santa Catarina. 2023. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Superior de Tecnologia em Radiologia) – Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 2023
