Protótipo de sistema de monitoramento e automação em microestufas agrícolas

Abstract

As limitações de espaço e as variações climáticas representam desafios para o cultivo doméstico, especialmente em áreas urbanas. Este trabalho propõe o desenvolvimento de uma microestufa automatizada que utiliza tecnologias de IoT para monitorar e controlar variáveis como temperatura, umidade e iluminação. O sistema integra um ESP32 com sensores e atuadores, enquanto um aplicativo Android em Flutter permite ao usuário configurar e acompanhar o cultivo de forma intuitiva. Apesar dos desafios de integração e comunicação, o projeto oferece uma solução prática e sustentável, promovendo o cultivo domestico de maneira acessível e eficiente.

Climate variations pose significant challenges to plant cultivation, especially in urban environments where space and time for agricultural practices are limited. This study presents the development of automated residential micro greenhouses designed for enthusiasts seeking healthy, organic food while promoting sustainability and practicality in home gardening. The proposed system utilizes IoT technology to monitor and automatically control key variables essential for plant development. An ESP32 microcontroller is integrated with sensors for soil moisture, air humidity, and temperature, along with actuators such as a water pump, fan, exhaust, and RGB LEDs to support photosynthe- sis. For communication and management, an Android app developed in Flutter allows users to configure and monitor greenhouse conditions intuitively. Key challenges included the integration and operation of various devices in the system and the implementation of asynchronous communication between the ESP32 and the app. These obstacles were overcome to ensure the system is accessible and functional, enabling anyone, regardless of technical knowledge, to create and manage an ideal environment for plant cultivation. As a unique feature, the project provides a practical solution for incorporating organic gardening into an urban lifestyle. The automated micro greenhouse optimizes resource use, such as water and energy, promoting responsible consumption practices aligned with sustainability principles.