Diagnóstico da gestão de resíduos da construção civil em obras de residências unifamiliares
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A construção civil é uma área com grande importância no cenário econômico do país, gerando emprego e desenvolvimento, mas proporcional aos avanços que ela ocasiona também há a preocupação com os impactos ambientais que podem ser gerados, principalmente ocasionados pela geração de resíduos da construção. Este é um tema de constante debate, sobre como é possível diminuir a quantidade de materiais que sobram das obras e reduzir os impactos destes materiais no meio ambiente. A criação de leis e normas com o intuito de trazer aos grandes e pequenos geradores de resíduos, uma sensibilidade maior sobre esta problemática, impõe medidas e responsabilidades a serem seguidas. A lei 12305/2010, que versa sobre a Política Nacional dos Resíduos Sólidos, destaca a importância da gestão e do gerenciamento e neste contexto, as empresas de construção civil estão sujeitas à elaboração de plano de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos. Entre as recomendações para a construção de um plano, a lei ressalta que se deve começar juntando as peças do quebra cabeça, através da realização do diagnóstico da situação dos resíduos sólidos gerados, contendo a origem, o volume, a caracterização dos resíduos e as formas de destinação e disposição final adotadas. Assim, tendo em vista a preocupação e importância do gerenciamento de resíduos na construção civil, propõe-se neste trabalho levantar uma taxa da geração de resíduos da construção civil para duas residências unifamiliares de alto padrão, executadas pela mesma construtora. Para alcançar tal objetivo, se fará primeiramente a caracterização dos empreendimentos, identificando a etapa da obra a qual se fará o diagnóstico, visto que não será possível acompanhar toda a construção. Posteriormente será realizado avaliação dos procedimentos adotados sobre a gestão dos resíduos nos canteiros de obras, análise quantitativa e qualitativa e comparação do volume dos resíduos gerados em cada empreendimento. Com o levantamento e avaliação dos resultados, espera-se ao final do trabalho propor alternativas para reduzir e gerir a produção destes materiais em obras deste porte, com mais sustentabilidade.
Civil construction is an area of great importance for the economic scenario of our country as it provides employment and development, but proportionally to the advancements it causes there is also a concern about the environmental impacts that might be generated by it, which are mainly related to the waste generation of the construction process. This is a topic of constant debate, especially about how it is possible to decrease the amount of materials left from the constructions and reduce the impacts of them in the environment. The creation of laws and normatives aiming to bring a greater sensibility about this problem to the big and the small waste generators imposes measures and responsibilities that must be followed. Law 12305/2010, which talks about the National Solid Waste Policy, highlights the importance of the management in this context, the civil construction companies are liable to the elaboration of a solid waste management plan. Between the recommendations to the elaboration of a plan, the law says that it must start by gathering the pieces of the puzzle, by making a diagnosis of the solid waste generated situation, which must contain the origin, the volume, the waste’s description and the ways of destination and final disposal adopted. This way, considering the concerns and importance of the waste management for civil construction, it is proposed in this paper to survey a rate of waste generation in civil construction for two high standard single family houses, built by the same company. To achieve such goal, firstly a characterization of the constructions will be made, identifying the stage of the construction surveyed, since it will not be possible to follow the entire building process. Posteriorly, an evaluation of the adopted procedures about the waste management in the construction sites analyzed, a quantitative and qualitative analysis and a comparison between the wastes generated in each site will be made. With the survey and evaluation of the results, it is expected, by the end of this paper, to propose alternatives to reduce and manage the generation of those materials in constructions of such size, in a more sustainable way.
Civil construction is an area of great importance for the economic scenario of our country as it provides employment and development, but proportionally to the advancements it causes there is also a concern about the environmental impacts that might be generated by it, which are mainly related to the waste generation of the construction process. This is a topic of constant debate, especially about how it is possible to decrease the amount of materials left from the constructions and reduce the impacts of them in the environment. The creation of laws and normatives aiming to bring a greater sensibility about this problem to the big and the small waste generators imposes measures and responsibilities that must be followed. Law 12305/2010, which talks about the National Solid Waste Policy, highlights the importance of the management in this context, the civil construction companies are liable to the elaboration of a solid waste management plan. Between the recommendations to the elaboration of a plan, the law says that it must start by gathering the pieces of the puzzle, by making a diagnosis of the solid waste generated situation, which must contain the origin, the volume, the waste’s description and the ways of destination and final disposal adopted. This way, considering the concerns and importance of the waste management for civil construction, it is proposed in this paper to survey a rate of waste generation in civil construction for two high standard single family houses, built by the same company. To achieve such goal, firstly a characterization of the constructions will be made, identifying the stage of the construction surveyed, since it will not be possible to follow the entire building process. Posteriorly, an evaluation of the adopted procedures about the waste management in the construction sites analyzed, a quantitative and qualitative analysis and a comparison between the wastes generated in each site will be made. With the survey and evaluation of the results, it is expected, by the end of this paper, to propose alternatives to reduce and manage the generation of those materials in constructions of such size, in a more sustainable way.
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VIEIRA, Leonardo Willemann. Diagnóstico da gestão de resíduos da construção civil em obras de residências unifamiliares. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Engenharia Civil) – Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 2022
