Efeito da implantação do plano de mobilidade urbana do município de Brusque/SC na emissão de gases de efeito estufa
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A mudança climática é um desafio global que demanda atividades de mitigação, tanto em nível local, como em nível internacional. O setor de transporte possui uma importante participação para o aumento das emissões de GEE, que é uma das causas das mudanças climáticas, e possui significativas emissões de CO2. A Lei da Mobilidade Urbana menciona sobre a obrigatoriedade da realização do Plano de Mobilidade Urbana - PMU para municípios com mais de vinte mil habitantes. O PMU é um documento técnico que define metas e estabelece orientações futuras, visando a melhoria da mobilidade urbana, tendo como uma das premissas o desenvolvimento sustentável das cidades. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar o potencial de redução da emissão de GEE, a partir da implantação do PMU do município de Brusque/SC, sendo que para isso foi utilizado o Programa Brasileiro GHG Protocol. Além do mais, foi determinada a influência dos GEE na variação da temperatura do município e em esfera global, até o ano de 2121 e foi elaborada uma Calculadora de Emissões de GEE para Mobilidade. Os cenários contemplaram os meios de transporte: coletivo público, motorizado individual, bicicletas e caminhadas. Como resultado obteve-se que o transporte individual corresponde ao maior quantitativo das emissões totais do setor de transporte urbano e que a aplicação dos cenários correspondeu a uma redução de aproximadamente 20% de dióxido de carbono (fóssil e equivalente), metano e óxido nitroso. Verificou-se também uma tendência de diminuição da temperatura, a partir da aplicação dos cenários propostos, sendo que utilizando o método UCAR (2022) obteve-se uma diminuição de 0,90°C e com o método Ellis (2008) obteve-se o decréscimo de 0,92°C. A elaboração da Calculadora de Emissões de GEE para Mobilidade possibilitará que os munícipes possam analisar a sua contribuição para emissões GEE para a cidade, para uma de suas atividades cotidianas, que é o transporte e podendo também verificar o quantitativo de árvores que são necessárias a ser plantadas na Mata Atlântica como forma de compensar sua emissão. Com a realização do trabalho conclui-se que a permanência da execução das ações atuais de mobilidade, sem a introdução de ações voltadas para mobilidade urbana coletiva e mais sustentável, acarretará em maiores emissões de gases poluentes à atmosfera, com consequências para o ambiente e para a população.
Climate change is a global challenge that demands mitigation activities both locally and internationally. The transportation sector has an important role in the increase of GHG emissions, which is one of the causes of climate change, and has significant CO2 emissions. The Urban Mobility Law mentions the obligation to make an Urban Mobility Plan - UMP for municipalities with more than twenty thousand inhabitants. The PMU is a technical document that defines goals and establishes future guidelines, aiming at improving urban mobility, having as one of the premises the sustainable development of cities. The present work had the objective of analyzing the potential for GHG emission reduction from the implementation of the UMP in the city of Brusque/SC, and for this the Brazilian GHG Protocol Program was used. Furthermore, the influence of GHGs on the city's temperature variation and on the global sphere was determined, until the year 2121, and a GHG Emissions Calculator for Mobility was elaborated. The scenarios contemplated the means of transportation: public transportation, individual motorized transportation, bicycles and walking. As a result it was obtained that individual transport corresponds to the largest quantity of total emissions in the urban transport sector and that the application of the scenarios corresponded to a reduction of approximately 20% of carbon dioxide (fossil and equivalent), methane and nitrous oxide. A tendency towards temperature decrease was also verified, as from the application of the proposed scenarios, and using the UCAR method (2022) a decrease of 0.90°C was obtained and with the Ellis method (2008) a decrease of 0.92°C was obtained. The elaboration of the GHG Emissions Calculator for Mobility will allow citizens to analyze their contribution to GHG emissions for the city, for one of their daily activities, which is transportation, and also to verify the amount of trees that are necessary to be planted in the Atlantic Forest as a way to offset their emissions. With the accomplishment of the work, it is concluded that the permanence of the execution of the current actions of mobility, without the introduction of actions aimed at collective and more sustainable urban mobility, will lead to greater emissions of pollutant gases into the atmosphere, with consequences for the environment and for the population.
Climate change is a global challenge that demands mitigation activities both locally and internationally. The transportation sector has an important role in the increase of GHG emissions, which is one of the causes of climate change, and has significant CO2 emissions. The Urban Mobility Law mentions the obligation to make an Urban Mobility Plan - UMP for municipalities with more than twenty thousand inhabitants. The PMU is a technical document that defines goals and establishes future guidelines, aiming at improving urban mobility, having as one of the premises the sustainable development of cities. The present work had the objective of analyzing the potential for GHG emission reduction from the implementation of the UMP in the city of Brusque/SC, and for this the Brazilian GHG Protocol Program was used. Furthermore, the influence of GHGs on the city's temperature variation and on the global sphere was determined, until the year 2121, and a GHG Emissions Calculator for Mobility was elaborated. The scenarios contemplated the means of transportation: public transportation, individual motorized transportation, bicycles and walking. As a result it was obtained that individual transport corresponds to the largest quantity of total emissions in the urban transport sector and that the application of the scenarios corresponded to a reduction of approximately 20% of carbon dioxide (fossil and equivalent), methane and nitrous oxide. A tendency towards temperature decrease was also verified, as from the application of the proposed scenarios, and using the UCAR method (2022) a decrease of 0.90°C was obtained and with the Ellis method (2008) a decrease of 0.92°C was obtained. The elaboration of the GHG Emissions Calculator for Mobility will allow citizens to analyze their contribution to GHG emissions for the city, for one of their daily activities, which is transportation, and also to verify the amount of trees that are necessary to be planted in the Atlantic Forest as a way to offset their emissions. With the accomplishment of the work, it is concluded that the permanence of the execution of the current actions of mobility, without the introduction of actions aimed at collective and more sustainable urban mobility, will lead to greater emissions of pollutant gases into the atmosphere, with consequences for the environment and for the population.
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SCHVAMBACH, Amabilly. Efeito da implantação do plano de mobilidade urbana do município de Brusque/SC na emissão de gases de efeito estufa. 2022. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Clima e Ambiente) – Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 2022.
