Avaliação do processo de torneamento do aço inoxidável austenítico ABNT 304 L
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Os aços inoxidáveis são muito utilizados por apresentarem uma excelente resistência à corrosão. De todos os aços inoxidáveis os mais utilizados são os austeníticos, entretanto quando há a necessidade de usiná-los algumas dificuldades podem surgir durante o processo. A quebra dos cavacos é muito difícil, assim como obter um bom acabamento superficial principalmente no processo de torneamento, pois este tipo de material é muito dúctil. Para avaliar o processo de torneamento do aço inoxidável austenítico foi elaborado um estudo com o do tipo ABNT 304 L. As avaliações realizadas compreendem a análise da rugosidade superficial da peça, a forma dos cavacos e o desgaste da ferramenta em diferentes condições de corte. Foi utilizada uma ferramenta de corte com cobertura de TiALN+TiN. Nos ensaios realizados o avanço não interferiu de maneira significativa no desgaste da ferramenta, em contrapartida, quanto maior o avanço, maior a rugosidade superficial obtida. A rugosidade real da usinagem ficou próxima da teórica calculada. Com maiores avanços foi possível obter cavacos em forma de arco. Com alteração da velocidade de corte não foi possível notar mudanças significativas na rugosidade, porém os desgastes de flanco reduziram. A ferramenta utilizada teve um bom desempenho nos ensaios por não apresentar grandes desgastes.
Stainless steels are widely used because they have excellent corrosion resistance. Of all the stainless steels the most used are the austenitic ones, however when there is the necessity of machining them some difficulties can appear during the process. The breaking of the chips is very difficult, as well as obtaining a good surface finish mainly in the turning process, because this type of material is very ductile. In order to evaluate the turning process of austenitic stainless steel, a study was carried out with the ABNT 304L type. The evaluations included the analysis of the surface roughness of the piece, the shape of the chips and the wear of the tool under different cutting conditions. A cutting tool with TiALN + TiN coverage was used. In the tests, the feed did not significantly interfere with the wear of the tool. On the other hand, the higher the feed rate, the greater the surface roughness obtained. The actual roughness of the machining was close to the calculated theoretical. With greater feeds it was possible to obtain arch-shaped chips. With change of the cutting speed it was not possible to notice significant changes in the roughness, but the flank wear reduced. The tool used had a good performance in the tests because it did not show great wear.
Stainless steels are widely used because they have excellent corrosion resistance. Of all the stainless steels the most used are the austenitic ones, however when there is the necessity of machining them some difficulties can appear during the process. The breaking of the chips is very difficult, as well as obtaining a good surface finish mainly in the turning process, because this type of material is very ductile. In order to evaluate the turning process of austenitic stainless steel, a study was carried out with the ABNT 304L type. The evaluations included the analysis of the surface roughness of the piece, the shape of the chips and the wear of the tool under different cutting conditions. A cutting tool with TiALN + TiN coverage was used. In the tests, the feed did not significantly interfere with the wear of the tool. On the other hand, the higher the feed rate, the greater the surface roughness obtained. The actual roughness of the machining was close to the calculated theoretical. With greater feeds it was possible to obtain arch-shaped chips. With change of the cutting speed it was not possible to notice significant changes in the roughness, but the flank wear reduced. The tool used had a good performance in the tests because it did not show great wear.
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VENTURI, Alexandre. Avaliação do processo de torneamento do aço inoxidável austenítico ABNT 304 L. 2017. rabalho de conclusão de curso (Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Fabricação Mecânica) - Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Santa Catarina, Câmpus Jaraguá do Sul – Rau, 2017.
