O papel do agente comercializador varejista como facilitador na abertura do mercado de energia elétrica brasileiro
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Um dos grandes anseios do mercado de energia é a flexibilização dos requisitos para migração do ACR ao ACL, possibilitando a todos os consumidores a escolha do seu fornecedor de energia elétrica e a busca por melhores alternativas que reduzam o seu custo com energia. Pelas regras atuais, podem adquirir energia elétrica no mercado livre apenas consumidores ligados à alta tensão e que tenham carga acima de 500 kW. A abertura do mercado livre, é uma das iniciativas legislativas em curso no Congresso Nacional, em estado avançado encontra-se o Projeto de Lei nº 414/2021, que visa a liberalização sustentável para todos os consumidores em até 42 meses da publicação em Lei, tornando obrigatória a representação de unidades consumidoras com carga inferior a 500 kW por um agente comercializador varejista na CCEE. Atualmente participam do mercado livre como agentes da CCEE, cerca de 10 mil consumidores, e o potencial previsto de mercado que poderá ser atingido com a abertura, sem considerar a classe residencial, representa 11,5 milhões de unidades consumidoras, com consumo associado de 16 GW médios. Para os pequenos consumidores, desde o início do processo de migração a adesão ao mercado livre apresenta desafios técnicos, operacionais e burocráticos, enquanto para a CCEE, a elevada quantidade de agentes e cargas modeladas, gera desafios de segurança e de infraestrutura com sistemas operacionais. Logo, na evolução para um mercado de varejo a figura que irá organizar esse novo desenho será o comercializador varejista, que é capaz de representar uma grande quantidade de consumidores perante a CCEE, reduzindo custos transacionais e assumindo as obrigações inerentes a atuação no mercado. Neste trabalho, é apresentada uma revisão das propostas e estudos que estão sendo realizados para a abertura do mercado de energia, evidenciando como o comercializador varejista torna-se um dos principais pilares para a expansão do mercado.
One of the great desires of the energy market is to make the requirements for migration from ACR to ACL more flexible, allowing all consumers to choose their supplier and search for better alternatives that reduce their energy costs. Under current rules, only consumers connected to high voltage and with a load above 500 kW can purchase electricity on the free market. The opening of the free market is one of the legislative initiatives underway in the National Congress, in an advanced state is the Bill 414/2021, which aims at sustainable liberalization for all consumers within 42 months of publication in Law, making it mandatory to represent consumer units with a load of less than 500 kW by a retail sales agent at the CCEE. About 10 thousand consumers currently participate in the free market as CCEE agents, and the expected market potential that could be reached with the opening, without considering the residential class, represents 11.5 million consumer units, with associated consumption of 16 average GW. For small consumers, from the beginning of the migration process, joining the free market presents technical, operational, and bureaucratic challenges, while for CCEE, the high number of agents and modeled loads generates security and infrastructure challenges with operational systems. Therefore, in the evolution to a retail market, the figure that will organize this new design will be the retail trader, who is able to represent many consumers before the CCEE, reducing transaction costs and assuming the obligations to acting in the market. In this work, a review of the proposals and studies that are being carried out for the opening of the energy market is presented, showing how the retail trader becomes one of the main pillars for the expansion of the market.
One of the great desires of the energy market is to make the requirements for migration from ACR to ACL more flexible, allowing all consumers to choose their supplier and search for better alternatives that reduce their energy costs. Under current rules, only consumers connected to high voltage and with a load above 500 kW can purchase electricity on the free market. The opening of the free market is one of the legislative initiatives underway in the National Congress, in an advanced state is the Bill 414/2021, which aims at sustainable liberalization for all consumers within 42 months of publication in Law, making it mandatory to represent consumer units with a load of less than 500 kW by a retail sales agent at the CCEE. About 10 thousand consumers currently participate in the free market as CCEE agents, and the expected market potential that could be reached with the opening, without considering the residential class, represents 11.5 million consumer units, with associated consumption of 16 average GW. For small consumers, from the beginning of the migration process, joining the free market presents technical, operational, and bureaucratic challenges, while for CCEE, the high number of agents and modeled loads generates security and infrastructure challenges with operational systems. Therefore, in the evolution to a retail market, the figure that will organize this new design will be the retail trader, who is able to represent many consumers before the CCEE, reducing transaction costs and assuming the obligations to acting in the market. In this work, a review of the proposals and studies that are being carried out for the opening of the energy market is presented, showing how the retail trader becomes one of the main pillars for the expansion of the market.
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ALFING, Eduarda. O papel do agente comercializador varejista como facilitador na abertura do mercado de energia elétrica brasileiro. 2022. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Engenharia Elétrica) – Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 2022.
