Análise de desempenho de hélice produzida por engenharia reversa e manufatura aditiva
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O aumento da busca por energias renováveis é uma tendência que vem avançando ao longo dos últimos anos e com ele se buscam novos meios para otimizar essa tecnologia tão recente. Para isso se faz necessário um framework que seja confiável e este trabalho propõe que a união da impressão 3D com a Engenharia Reversa é capaz de reproduzir hélices e posteriormente gerar novas hélices modificadas para o estudo de diferentes parâmetros na produção da energia eólica. Para isso se faz necessário realizar o teste dessa junção de tecnologias para fabricar uma hélice capaz de reproduzir o desempenho da hélice de controle que é tida como base para o presente trabalho. Neste trabalho foi realizada a impressão 3D de uma hélice, onde primeiro foram coletadas as dimensões da hélice original, em seguida algumas medidas críticas são alteradas no processo de modelagem via CAD (Computer-Aided Design), visando as limitações impostas pela manufatura por FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) e posteriormente, com as peças impressas, ocorreu a montagem. Com a hélice montada partiu-se para os testes medindo peso, tensão, corrente e rotação máxima que ambas hélices geram no túnel de vento. Os resultados médios obtidos nos testes da hélice original foram de 17 V de tensão, 0,25 A de corrente e 5961,5 rpm aos noventa segundos de rotação máxima, já para a hélice impressa obteve-se 13,75 V de tensão, 0,275 A de corrente e 5010,5 rpm de rotação máxima. Com esses dados foi feita uma análise estatística para validar os dados e as hipóteses levantadas. Após todos os passos foi observado a diferença no peso, tensão e rotação máxima entre as hélices, levantando diversas hipóteses sobre qual a causa da diferença. A principal conclusão é de que o método de engenharia reversa não teve o resultado desejado devido a complexidade geométrica da hélice, além dos limites impostos pela manufatura aditiva pedirem por mudanças dimensionais significativas na hélice. No entanto, a manufatura e os testes foram bem-sucedidos, não apresentando problemas estruturais na hélice impressa. O teste comparativo estabeleceu um padrão para futuras pesquisas, indicando a necessidade de explorar novos métodos de engenharia reversa para reduzir as diferenças entre as hélices.
The increase in the search for renewable energy is a trend that has been advancing over the last few years and with it new means are being sought to optimize this very recent technology. For this, a framework that is reliable is necessary and this work proposes that the union of 3D printing with Reverse Engineering is capable of reproducing propellers and subsequently generating new modified propellers for the study of different parameters in the production of wind energy. To do this, it is necessary to test this combination of technologies to manufacture a propeller capable of reproducing the performance of the control propeller that is used as the basis for this work. In this work, 3D printing of a propeller was carried out, where first the dimensions of the original propeller were collected, then some critical measurements were changed in the modeling process via CAD (Computer-Aided Design), aiming at the limitations imposed by manufacturing by FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) and later , with the printed parts, assembly took place. With the propeller assembled, we started testing, measuring weight, tension, current and maximum rotation that both propellers generate in the wind tunnel. The average results obtained in the original propeller tests were 17 V voltage, 0.25 A current and 5961.5 rpm at ninety seconds of maximum rotation, while for the printed propeller 13.75 V voltage, 0.275 Current and 5010.5 rpm maximum rotation. With this data, a statistical analysis was carried out to validate the data and the hypotheses raised. After all the steps, the difference in weight, tension and maximum rotation between the propellers was observed, raising several hypotheses about the cause of the difference. The main conclusion is that the reverse engineering method did not have the desired result due to the geometric complexity of the helix, in addition to the limits imposed by additive manufacturing requiring significant dimensional changes in the helix. However, manufacturing and testing were successful, with no structural problems in the printed propeller. The comparative test set a standard for future research, indicating the need to explore new reverse engineering methods to reduce differences between propellers.
The increase in the search for renewable energy is a trend that has been advancing over the last few years and with it new means are being sought to optimize this very recent technology. For this, a framework that is reliable is necessary and this work proposes that the union of 3D printing with Reverse Engineering is capable of reproducing propellers and subsequently generating new modified propellers for the study of different parameters in the production of wind energy. To do this, it is necessary to test this combination of technologies to manufacture a propeller capable of reproducing the performance of the control propeller that is used as the basis for this work. In this work, 3D printing of a propeller was carried out, where first the dimensions of the original propeller were collected, then some critical measurements were changed in the modeling process via CAD (Computer-Aided Design), aiming at the limitations imposed by manufacturing by FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) and later , with the printed parts, assembly took place. With the propeller assembled, we started testing, measuring weight, tension, current and maximum rotation that both propellers generate in the wind tunnel. The average results obtained in the original propeller tests were 17 V voltage, 0.25 A current and 5961.5 rpm at ninety seconds of maximum rotation, while for the printed propeller 13.75 V voltage, 0.275 Current and 5010.5 rpm maximum rotation. With this data, a statistical analysis was carried out to validate the data and the hypotheses raised. After all the steps, the difference in weight, tension and maximum rotation between the propellers was observed, raising several hypotheses about the cause of the difference. The main conclusion is that the reverse engineering method did not have the desired result due to the geometric complexity of the helix, in addition to the limits imposed by additive manufacturing requiring significant dimensional changes in the helix. However, manufacturing and testing were successful, with no structural problems in the printed propeller. The comparative test set a standard for future research, indicating the need to explore new reverse engineering methods to reduce differences between propellers.
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FAÉ, Vitor Ortiz. Análise de desempenho de hélice produzida por engenharia reversa e manufatura aditiva. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso. (Bacharelado em Engenharia Mecânica) - Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina Campus Lages, Lages, 2023.
