Verificação das diretrizes de projeto para a desconstrução de sistemas modulares: estudo de caso
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A indústria da Construção Civil é um dos setores mais importantes para a economia, entretanto, é um dos segmentos que mais gera impactos ambientais. Atualmente, os resíduos de construção e demolição representam mais de 50% de todos os resíduos sólidos urbanos. Com isso, a partir da preocupação com a durabilidade das edificações e com o meio ambiente, ocorre o fortalecimento dos sistemas construtivos industriais, sendo a construção modular um deles, no qual possibilita maior controle de qualidade, racionalização de consumo e redução de tempo e desperdícios. Além disso, os sistemas construtivos industrializados permitem o aumento do potencial de desconstrução, que através do desmonte cuidadoso dos componentes de uma construção, possibilita reutilizar e reciclar os materiais, evitando que os mesmos sejam tratados como resíduos e descartados em aterros. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar as diretrizes de projeto para desconstrução de sistemas modulares, e aplicar em um projeto modular apresentado no estudo de caso de uma obra realizada por uma empresa de construção modular off-site. A análise dos resultados permitiu classificar e informar a destinação final dos materiais utilizado, identificar que a diretriz geral de simplificação do sistema construtivo é atendida 100% em todas as etapas da obra, e que as diretrizes de projeto para desconstrução são atendidas 93% pelas etapas de estrutura e sistema de cobertura, 82% pelas etapas de sistema de vedação vertical e instalações hidrossanitária e elétrica, 75% pela etapa geral que abrange todo o projeto, e 53% pela etapa de acabamentos. Além disso, o potencial de desconstrução do projeto em estudo é de 76%, o que é possível devido à modularidade do projeto e à montagem e desmontagem do módulo em fábrica.
The Civil Construction industry is one of the most important sectors for the economy, however, it is also one of the segments that most generates environmental impacts. Currently, construction and demolition waste represents more than 50% of all solid urban waste. With that, and from the concern with the durability of buildings and the environment, there is a strengthening of industrial construction systems, with the, modular construction being one of them, which allows greater quality control, consumption rationalization and reduction of time and waste. In addition, industrialized construction systems allow an increase in the potential for deconstruction, which through careful dismantling of the construction components, makes it possible to reuse and recycle materials, preventing them to be treated as waste and disposed in landfills. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the guidelines for a deconstruction project of modular systems, and apply it in a modular project presented in the case study of a work carried out by a modular off-site construction company. The analysis of the results allowed to classify and inform the final destination of the materials used, to identify that the general guideline for simplification of the construction system is met 100% in all the stages of the work, and that the project guidelines for deconstruction are 93% by the structure stage and covered by the coverage system stage, 82% by the vertical sealing system and for the hydrosanitary and electrical facilities stage, 75% by the general stage covering the entire project, and 53% for the finishing stage. In addition, the potential for deconstruction of the project under study is 76%, which is possible due to the modularity of the project and the assembly and disassembly of the module at the factory.
The Civil Construction industry is one of the most important sectors for the economy, however, it is also one of the segments that most generates environmental impacts. Currently, construction and demolition waste represents more than 50% of all solid urban waste. With that, and from the concern with the durability of buildings and the environment, there is a strengthening of industrial construction systems, with the, modular construction being one of them, which allows greater quality control, consumption rationalization and reduction of time and waste. In addition, industrialized construction systems allow an increase in the potential for deconstruction, which through careful dismantling of the construction components, makes it possible to reuse and recycle materials, preventing them to be treated as waste and disposed in landfills. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the guidelines for a deconstruction project of modular systems, and apply it in a modular project presented in the case study of a work carried out by a modular off-site construction company. The analysis of the results allowed to classify and inform the final destination of the materials used, to identify that the general guideline for simplification of the construction system is met 100% in all the stages of the work, and that the project guidelines for deconstruction are 93% by the structure stage and covered by the coverage system stage, 82% by the vertical sealing system and for the hydrosanitary and electrical facilities stage, 75% by the general stage covering the entire project, and 53% for the finishing stage. In addition, the potential for deconstruction of the project under study is 76%, which is possible due to the modularity of the project and the assembly and disassembly of the module at the factory.
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SILVA, Amanda Cardoso da. Verificação das diretrizes de projeto para a desconstrução de sistemas modulares: estudo de caso. 2020. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Engenharia Civil) – Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 2020
