Estimativa de níveis de referência em diagnóstico (DRLs) em procedimentos em radiologia odontológica no estado de Santa Catarina
Data
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Apesar disso, a utilização de radiação ionizante nesses procedimentos representa uma fonte de exposição que pode gerar efeitos nocivos, entre eles o aumento do risco relacionado à própria radiação. Apesar de que nem toda radiação recebida pode ocasionar um efeito biológico visível, a exposição sofrida pelo paciente pode resultar em dano celular como quebra do DNA, que quando não reparado pode resultar em um efeito visível. Dessa forma, a definição de valores de referência para as doses empregadas, assegurando simultaneamente a qualidade diagnóstica das imagens e a redução das exposições médicas, constitui uma medida essencial no âmbito da proteção radiológica. Nesse contexto, este trabalho teve por objetivo estimar os níveis de referências em diagnóstico (DRLs) em procedimentos radiológicos realizados em exames odontológicos no estado de Santa Catarina. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho consistiu em uma pesquisa quantitativa, retrospectiva, na qual foram utilizados informações extraídas de relatórios de controle de qualidade realizados em equipamentos de radiologia odontológica intraoral de serviços em todo o território catarinense. Para determinação dos DRLs foi utilizada a grandeza Kerma no ar incidente (Ka,i), além dos valores de kV, mA e tempo de exposição, conforme o estabelecido na Publicação nº 135 da International Commission of Radioprotection (ICRP) que norteia a metodologia para estabelecimento de DRLs em todo o mundo. Por meio das informações obtidas em relatórios de controle de qualidade foi catalogado os equipamentos de raios X intraoral, considerando fatores como: fabricante, modelo e características técnicas dos aparelhos. Na sequência, avaliou-se a associação entre a técnica de exposição adotada, os parâmetros radiográficos e a dose absorvida pelo paciente, por meio de análise estatística. Estes parâmetros testes permitiram avaliar a qualidade das radiografias obtidas, por meio de teste de qualidade de imagem, parte fundamental do relatório analisado. Por fim, os resultados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente resultando nos seguintes valores de DRLs, em termos de terceiro quartil: 3,26 mGy para equipamentos convencionais e 2,77 mGy para equipamentos digitais. Ao todo 1139 dados de relatórios foram coletados.
Dental radiographs play an indispensable role in the identification and monitoring of various oral conditions. Nevertheless, the use of ionizing radiation in these procedures represents a source of exposure that may produce harmful effects, including an increased radiation-related risk. Although not all radiation received results in a visible biological effect, patient exposure may lead to cellular damage, such as DNA strand breaks, which, if not properly repaired, can result in observable effects. Therefore, the establishment of reference values for the doses used—while simultaneously ensuring diagnostic image quality and reducing medical exposures—constitutes an essential measure in the field of radiological protection. In this context, the present study aimed to estimate Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) for radiological procedures performed in dental examinations in the state of Santa Catarina. The methodology adopted consisted of a quantitative, retrospective study, in which data extracted from quality control reports of intraoral dental radiology equipment from services across the state were used. For the determination of DRLs, the incident air kerma (Ka,i) was employed, along with kV, mA, and exposure time values, in accordance with the guidelines established in Publication No. 135 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), which provides the methodological framework for DRL establishment worldwide. Based on the information obtained from the quality control reports, intraoral X-ray equipment was cataloged, considering factors such as manufacturer, model, and technical characteristics. Subsequently, the association between the adopted exposure technique, radiographic parameters, and the dose absorbed by the patient was evaluated through statistical analysis. These test parameters also enabled the assessment of radiographic image quality, an essential component of the analyzed reports. Finally, the results were statistically analyzed, yielding the following DRL values in terms of the third quartile: 3.26 mGy for conventional equipment and 2.77 mGy for digital equipment. A total of 1,139 report data entries were collected.
Dental radiographs play an indispensable role in the identification and monitoring of various oral conditions. Nevertheless, the use of ionizing radiation in these procedures represents a source of exposure that may produce harmful effects, including an increased radiation-related risk. Although not all radiation received results in a visible biological effect, patient exposure may lead to cellular damage, such as DNA strand breaks, which, if not properly repaired, can result in observable effects. Therefore, the establishment of reference values for the doses used—while simultaneously ensuring diagnostic image quality and reducing medical exposures—constitutes an essential measure in the field of radiological protection. In this context, the present study aimed to estimate Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) for radiological procedures performed in dental examinations in the state of Santa Catarina. The methodology adopted consisted of a quantitative, retrospective study, in which data extracted from quality control reports of intraoral dental radiology equipment from services across the state were used. For the determination of DRLs, the incident air kerma (Ka,i) was employed, along with kV, mA, and exposure time values, in accordance with the guidelines established in Publication No. 135 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), which provides the methodological framework for DRL establishment worldwide. Based on the information obtained from the quality control reports, intraoral X-ray equipment was cataloged, considering factors such as manufacturer, model, and technical characteristics. Subsequently, the association between the adopted exposure technique, radiographic parameters, and the dose absorbed by the patient was evaluated through statistical analysis. These test parameters also enabled the assessment of radiographic image quality, an essential component of the analyzed reports. Finally, the results were statistically analyzed, yielding the following DRL values in terms of the third quartile: 3.26 mGy for conventional equipment and 2.77 mGy for digital equipment. A total of 1,139 report data entries were collected.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Citação
RIBEIRO, Ramon Paiva. Estimativa de níveis de referência em diagnóstico (DRLs) em procedimentos em radiologia odontológica no estado de Santa Catarina. 2025. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Proteção Radiológica) – Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 2025.
