Elaboração e validação de protocolo para radioterapia de intensidade modulada no tratamento do câncer de mama feminina
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Introdução: As neoplasias malignas da mama perfazem a principal causa de morte por câncer entre as mulheres no mundo. Por essa razão, esforços contínuos no aprimoramento nas técnicas de tratamentos são realizados em todos os pilares terapêuticos. Em crescente ascensão tecnológica, a radioterapia é considerada como tratamento essencial no tratamento e nesse sentido novas técnicas de tratamento surgem como objetivo de aumentar as taxas de sobrevida global e sobrevida livre de recorrência, além de minimizar os efeitos agudos e crônicos inerentes. A Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada (IMRT), já consagrada como técnica de tratamento radioterápico ouro em outros sítios anatômicos como nas neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço e próstata, justamente por oferecer melhor conformação de dose e maior proteção aos órgãos adjacentes, tem se mostrado benéfica também para o tratamento das neoplasias de mamas, porém ainda sem consensos internacionais ou nacionais que definam as situações específicas em que seu uso seja justificável, devido ao maior custo financeiro e operacional da técnica. Objetivos: Validação dos critérios clínicos e morfológicos que impactam na escolha da técnica de IMRT no tratamento das neoplasias mamárias, seguido de elaboração de protocolo com os critérios clínicos e morfológicos validados para o tratamento radioterápico das neoplasias mamárias utilizando a tecnologia de IMRT. Método: Tratou-se de um estudo metodológico, constituído pela construção de instrumentos de coleta de dados para a elaboração de itens essenciais que melhor definissem os critérios para uso da técnica de IMRT no tratamento das neoplasias mamárias femininas, seguido de sua validação de conteúdo por meio de experts da área e da técnica Delphi e , por fim, pela construção de protocolo clínico de indicações e utilização de radioterapia com a técnica de IMRT no tratamento das neoplasias malignas das mamas. Resultados: Responderam aos questionários, em 2 ciclos de análises, 20 juízes, radioncologista com, no mínimo, 5 anos de experiência profissional no uso da técnica de IMRT no tratamento das neoplasias mamárias. Para a análise de relevância do questionário utilizou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) e o Coeficiente de Kappa (K). As afirmativas construídas apresentaram consenso entre os juízes e estão relacionadas no protocolo clínico, como resultado desse estudo. Conclusão: o instrumento construído e validado para a gestão do uso da técnica de IMRT nas neoplasias malignas de mamas contribui para a avanço do tratamento radioterápico, busca equilíbrio entre o custo e benefício do uso da técnica, além de definir os critérios mais importantes a serem considerados na escolha da técnica de tratamentos pelos radioncologista.
Introduction: Malignant breast neoplasms are the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. For this reason, continuous efforts to improve treatment techniques are carried out in all therapeutic pillars. In increasing technological ascension, radiotherapy is considered an essential treatment in treatment, and, in this sense, new treatment techniques are emerging with the objective of increasing overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates, in addition to minimizing the inherent acute and chronic side effects. Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT), already established as a gold radiotherapy treatment technique in other anatomical sites such as head and neck and prostate neoplasms, precisely because it offers better dose conformation and greater protection to adjacent organs, has also been shown to be beneficial as well. for the treatment of breast cancer, but there is still no international or national consensus defining the specific situations in which its justifiable use already implies greater financial and operational costs. Objectives: To define and carry out the validation of clinical and morphological criteria that impact the choice of the IMRT technique in the treatment of breast cancer, followed by the development of a protocol with validated clinical and morphological criteria for the radiotherapy treatment of breast cancer using IMRT technology. Method: This is an observational, descriptive methodological study, consisting of the construction of data collection instruments for the development of essential items that better define the criteria for using the IMRT technique in the treatment of female breast cancer, followed by its validation content through the Delphi technique and, finally, the construction of a clinical protocol of indications and use of radiotherapy with the IMRT technique in the treatment of malignant breast cancer. Results: Twenty judges answered the questionnaires in 2 cycles of analysis, radioncologists with at least 5 years of professional experience in the use of the IMRT technique in the treatment of breast cancer. To analyze the relevance of the questionnaire, the Content Validity Index (CVI) and the Kappa Coefficient (K) were used. The statements made showed consensus among the judges and are listed in the clinical protocol. Conclusion: the instrument built and validated for the management of the use of the IMRT technique in breast malignancies contributes to the advancement of radiotherapy treatment, seeks a balance between the cost and benefit of using the technique, in addition to defining the most important criteria to be considered in the choice of treatment technique by radioncologists.
Introduction: Malignant breast neoplasms are the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. For this reason, continuous efforts to improve treatment techniques are carried out in all therapeutic pillars. In increasing technological ascension, radiotherapy is considered an essential treatment in treatment, and, in this sense, new treatment techniques are emerging with the objective of increasing overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates, in addition to minimizing the inherent acute and chronic side effects. Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT), already established as a gold radiotherapy treatment technique in other anatomical sites such as head and neck and prostate neoplasms, precisely because it offers better dose conformation and greater protection to adjacent organs, has also been shown to be beneficial as well. for the treatment of breast cancer, but there is still no international or national consensus defining the specific situations in which its justifiable use already implies greater financial and operational costs. Objectives: To define and carry out the validation of clinical and morphological criteria that impact the choice of the IMRT technique in the treatment of breast cancer, followed by the development of a protocol with validated clinical and morphological criteria for the radiotherapy treatment of breast cancer using IMRT technology. Method: This is an observational, descriptive methodological study, consisting of the construction of data collection instruments for the development of essential items that better define the criteria for using the IMRT technique in the treatment of female breast cancer, followed by its validation content through the Delphi technique and, finally, the construction of a clinical protocol of indications and use of radiotherapy with the IMRT technique in the treatment of malignant breast cancer. Results: Twenty judges answered the questionnaires in 2 cycles of analysis, radioncologists with at least 5 years of professional experience in the use of the IMRT technique in the treatment of breast cancer. To analyze the relevance of the questionnaire, the Content Validity Index (CVI) and the Kappa Coefficient (K) were used. The statements made showed consensus among the judges and are listed in the clinical protocol. Conclusion: the instrument built and validated for the management of the use of the IMRT technique in breast malignancies contributes to the advancement of radiotherapy treatment, seeks a balance between the cost and benefit of using the technique, in addition to defining the most important criteria to be considered in the choice of treatment technique by radioncologists.
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ALMEIDA, Cristiane Maria. Elaboração e validação de protocolo para radioterapia de intensidade modulada no tratamento do câncer de mama feminina. 2021. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Proteção Radiológica) – Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 2021.
